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Investing doesn’t have to feel complicated. Here you’ll find the essential knowledge, explained the way it should have always been: calm, clear, and easy to follow.

What are stocks? Ownership & types of shares

Learn what a stock is, how it gives you ownership in a company, and the difference between common and preferred shares.

Investing Basics

How Stock Markets Operate

Understand how stock markets connect buyers and sellers and why prices move when supply and demand change.

Investing Basics

Types of Stock Market Orders

See the difference between market, limit, and stop orders and how each affects your trade price and timing.

Investing Basics

Types of Stocks: Growth, Value, Dividend, IPO

Learn the basics of growth, value, dividend, and IPO stocks and why each type fits a different investing style.

Investing Basics

Stock Exchanges and Market Indexes

Understand where stocks trade and how indexes like the S&P 500 or Nasdaq show the overall market trend.

Investing Basics

What is an ETF? Meaning, and how they work.

Learn what an ETF is, how it works, and why investors use it. A simple explanation of exchange traded funds for beginners.

Investing Basics

What is a Roth IRA and what are the alternatives in Europe?

What is a Roth IRA and how do Europeans get similar benefits? A clear guide to tax advantaged investment accounts across Europe.

Investing Basics

What are the main trading styles?

Learn the basics of day trading, swing trading, position trading, and scalping and how they differ in speed and risk.

Trading Fundamentals

How do you read stock and candlestick charts?

Understand how charts show price changes and how candlesticks reveal who is winning, buyers or sellers.

Trading Fundamentals

What are key technical indicators?

See how moving averages, RSI, and MACD turn price data into simple signals about trend strength and momentum.

Trading Fundamentals

How do traders manage risk?

Learn how stop losses, position sizing, and diversification help protect your trading account.

Trading Fundamentals

Why is trading psychology important?

Understand how emotions affect decisions and why staying calm and disciplined matters more than predicting the market.

Trading Fundamentals

How do you read financial statements

Learn how income statements, balance sheets, and cash flow show a company's story, health, and real money movement.

Fundamental Analysis

What are key financial ratios and what do they mean

Understand simple ratios that show if a company is strong or weak and help you compare it with others.

Fundamental Analysis

What are earnings reports

See how earnings reports explain past results and why guidance can move stock prices.

Fundamental Analysis

How do you use market news and SEC filings

Learn how news shows what is happening around a company and how SEC filings show what is happening inside it.

Fundamental Analysis

What are valuation metrics like P E or PEG

Understand how valuation metrics help you see if a stock is cheap or expensive based on profit and growth.

Fundamental Analysis

How do you combine technical and fundamental analysis

Understand how studying company value and price movement together gives you a clearer view of a stock.

Advanced Techniques

What is backtesting

Learn how testing a strategy on past data helps you see if it might work before using real money.

Advanced Techniques

How is AI used in trading

See how AI reads patterns in data to help spot trends and risks faster than manual analysis.

Advanced Techniques

What are options in investing

Understand what options are and how they provide more choices for protection or strategy.

Advanced Techniques

What is algorithmic trading

Learn how computers follow rules to trade automatically and remove emotional decision making.

Advanced Techniques

What is High-Frequency Trading and How it Works

A simple explanation of high-frequency trading. Learn how HFT algorithms buy and sell in milliseconds.

Advanced Techniques

What are bull and bear markets

Learn what rising bull markets and falling bear markets mean and how they affect investor confidence.

Market Dynamics

What are market cycles and economic indicators

Understand how markets move in cycles and how indicators like inflation and jobs data signal economic changes.

Market Dynamics

How do interest rates and inflation affect stocks

See how higher rates and rising prices change company costs and influence stock performance.

Market Dynamics

What are sectors and industries

Learn how companies are grouped by what they do and why sectors and industries help you compare stocks.

Market Dynamics

What is insider and institutional activity

Understand why buying or selling by insiders and large investors can be important signals.

Market Dynamics

What is a diversified portfolio

Learn why spreading your money across different stocks and sectors protects you from large losses.

Portfolio Management

What is asset allocation

Understand how choosing the right mix of stocks, bonds, and cash helps match your goals and risk level.

Portfolio Management

How and when do you rebalance your portfolio

See why adjusting your mix once or twice a year keeps your portfolio on track.

Portfolio Management

What is the difference between long term and short term investing

Learn how long term investing focuses on steady growth and why short term investing needs more attention.

Portfolio Management

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All information provided by trade & tonic is for informational and educational purposes only and should not be construed as investment advice or a financial recommendation under EU Directive 2014/65/EU (MiFID II). Users are solely responsible for their investment decisions. Market data and AI-generated outputs may not guarantee future results.